Usmle Mnemonics Internal Medicine

BAD CT:

Blood disorders (eg polycythaemia)

Arterial (eg atherosclerosis, Buerger’s)

Drugs (eg beta-blockers)

Connective tissue disorders (rheumatoid arthritis, SLE)

Traumatic (eg vibration injury)

(CHARGE syndrome =
Coloboma,
Heart disease,
Atresia choanae,
Retarded growth,
hypoGonadism, and
Ear abnormalities).

 The combination of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia (increased VLDL, increased triglyceride, and decreased HDL) is called syndrome X

Coronary artery disease,
Hypertension,
Atherosclerosis,
Obesity, and
Stroke (CHAOS).

Risk factors for delirium include
Hypoxemia,
Infection,
Drugs, and
Electrolyte abnormalities (HIDE)

Meckel’s diverticulum- rule of 2’s

2 inches long, 2 feet from the ileocecal valve, 2% of the population commonlly presents in the first 2 years of life may contain 2 types of epithelial tissue

Pheochromocytoma-rule of 10s:

10% malignant 10% Bilateral 10% extraadrenal 10% calcified 10% children 10% familial * discussed 10 times more often than actually seen

Aphasia "BROKen aphasia" (Broca’s aphasia-broken speech) "Wordys aphasia" (Wernicke’s aphasia- wordy, but making no sense)

GET SMASH’D–Causes of Acute pancreatitis

Gallstones, Ethanol, Trauma, Steroids, Mumps, Autoimmune(PAN), Scorpion bites, Hyperlipidemia, Drugs(azathioprine, diuretics)

(Multiple endocrine neoplasia) Each of the MENs is a

disease of three or two letters plus a feature. "MEN I" is a disease of the 3 Ps (pituitary, parathyroid and pancreas) plus adrenal cortex.

"MEN II " is a disease of the two Cs (carcinoma of the thyroid and catacholamines [pheochromocytoma]) plus parathyroid for MEN IIa or mucocutaneous neuromas for MEN IIb (aka MEN III).

Acute pneumonia caused by Pyogenic bacteria–PMN infiltrate

Acute pneumonia caused by Miscellaneous microbes –Mononuclear infiltrate

Takayasu’s diz = pulseless diz, therefore when you have

Takayasu’s, I can’t Tak’a yu pulse.

Argyll-Robertson Pupil–syphilitic pupil (AKA "Prostitute’s pupil" - Accommodates, but doesn’t react )

Accommodation reflex present, Pupillary reflex absent

CAGE–alcohol use screening

1. Have you ever felt it necessary to CUT DOWN on your drinking?

2. Has anyone ever told you they were ANNOYED by your drinking?

3. Have you ever felt GUILTY about your drinking?

4. Have you ever felt the need to have a drink in the morning for an EYE OPENER?

P-Q-R-S-T–eliciting and HPI and exploring symptoms

P–palliative or provocative factors for the pain

Q–quality of pain(burning, stabbing, aching, etc.)

R–region of body affected

S–severity of pain(usually 1-10 scale)

T–timing of pain(eg.-after meals, in the morning, etc.)

The five W’s–post-operative fever

Wind–pneumonia, atelectasis

Water–urinary tract infection

Wound–wound infections

Wonderdrugs–especially anesthesia

Walking–walking can help reduce deep vein thromboses and pulmonary embolus

ACID or "Anna Cycled Immediately Downhill"

classification of hypersensitivity reactions

Type I - Anaphylaxis

Type II - Cytotoxic-mediated

Type III - Immune-complex

Type IV - Delayed hypersensitivity

WBC Count:

"Never Let Momma Eat Beans(60, 30, 6, 3, 1)

Neutrophils 60%
Lymphocytes 30%
Monocytes 6%
Eosinophils 3%
Basophils 1%

A-P-G-A-R:

A - appearance (color)

P - pulse (heart rate)

G - grimmace (reflex, irritability)

A - activity (muscle tone)

R - respiratory effort

Predisposing Conditions for Pulmonary Embolism: TOM SCHREPFER

T–trauma

O–obesity

M–malignancy

S–surgery

C–cardiac disease

H–hospitalization

R–rest (bed-bound)

E–estrogen, pregnancy, post-partum

P–past hx

F–fracture

E–elderly

R–road trip

The 4 P’s of arterial Occlusion: pain pallor pulselessness paresthesias

The 4 T’s of Anterior Mediastinal Mass:Thyroid tumor,Thymoma,Teratoma, Terrible Lymphoma

Mneumonic for indications of Dialysis: AEIOU
1. Acidosis
2. Electrolyte abnormalities-hyperkalemia
3. Ingestion of substances like barbiturates, salicylates, lithium, methanlo, etc
4. Overload fluid (unresponsive to diuretics)
5. Uremia symptoms (pericarditis, encephalopathy)

Mneumonic for Heerfordt Syndrome- PUFF
P - Parotitis
U - uveitis
F - Fever
F - Facial palsy

Loss of consciousness -
DDx : AEIOU TIPS
alcohol, epilepsy,insulin, overdose,uremia , trauma, infection,psychogenic , stroke
Tx: coma cocktail = dextrose,thiamine,naloxone and O2

CAUSES OF PROLONGED QT . FORGOT AFEW ,WILL FILL IT LATER
A AMIODARONE
B BRETYLIUM
C CISAPRIDE
D DIISOPYRAMIDE
E ERYTHOMYCIN
F
G
H HYPOKALAEMIA

P PROCAINAMIDE
Q QUINIDINE
S
T THIORADAZINE

DAY OF APPEARANCE OF RASH IN EXANTHEMATOUS FEVERS

VERY SICK PEOPLE MUST TAKE DOUBLE EXERCISE.

1. VARICELLA
2. SCARLET FEVER
3. POX(SMALL)
4. MEASLES
5. TYPHUS
6. DENGUE
7. ENTERIC FEVER